Formative Tutoring Feedback Strategies: Research Issues and Challenges viewed from the Interactive Two-Feedback Loops Model
Susanne Narciss, Psychology of Learning and Instruction, Technische Universität Dresden
Formative feedback strategies are considered powerful means for effective teaching and learning. Yet, the large body of feedback research reveals that their effects depend from many factors (Lipnevich & Panadero, 2021; Panadero & Lipnevich, 2022; Wisnieswski, et al. 2020; Narciss, 2008; Shute 2008). This contribution describes how tutoring feedback strategies can be designed and evaluated on the basis of the interactive two feedback loops model (ITFL-model; e.g. Narciss, 2008; 2013; 2017; 2020). The ITFL-model conceptualizes formative tutoring feedback as a multidimensional instructional activity that aims at contributing to the regulation of learning processes in such a way that learners acquire or improve their competencies needed to master learning tasks. Based on this multi-dimensional view of formative tutoring feedback several studies have been conducted (e.g., Narciss, 2004; Narciss & Huth, 2006; Narciss et al. 2014; Strijbos, Narciss, & Duennebier, 2010; Peters et al; 2018; Kapp, Spangenberger, Kruse, & Narciss, 2019; Narciss, Prescher, Khalifah, & Körndle, 2020; Laudel & Narciss, 2023). Selected insights of these studies will be used to illustrate and discuss methodological challenges and implications for designing and investigating multiple effects of feedback under multiple individual and situational conditions.